Darul Iftaa Mahmudiyyah

Retracting after Forgiving Debt

· 17 Jumada I 1439 AH1 min readFatwa 39507English

Question

Someone ows you £100, you forgave him which means he deosn't have to pay you anymore but then after 2 years you decided to retract and not forgive him because of certain things you rememberd, in this case will he have to pay you £100? or the first decision of forgiving will be counted?

I mean onece someone forgives someone, can he retract from it?

Answer

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.

Once a debt is forgiven, the debtor is absolved of his liability.[i]

And Allah Ta‘ālā Knows Best.

Lutfi Alam

Student, Darul Iftaa

New York, USA

Checked and Approved by:
Mufti Ebrahim Desai.

References (Arabic / Urdu sources)

[i]

شرح مختصر الطحاوي للجصاص (٣/٢١٠)

لو أن رجلا أبرأ رجلا من دين له عليه: وقعت البراءة بغير قبول المبرأ

مرشد الحيران إلى معرفة أحوال الإنسان (ص: ١٥٦)

من أبرأ شخصاً من حق له عليه يصح الإبراء عنه سقط عن المبرأ ذلك الحق.

المحيط البرهاني في الفقه النعماني (٦/٢٤٥)

الإبراء يتم من غير قبول

الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (٥/٧١٠)

فلا رجوع في هبة الدين للمديون بعد القبول

البحر الرائق شرح كنز الدقائق (٢٠/١٢٢)

فَلَا رُجُوعَ فِي هِبَةِ الدَّيْنِ لِلْمَدْيُونِ بَعْدَ الْقَبُولِ بِخِلَافِهِ قَبْلَهُ لِكَوْنِهَا إسْقَاطًا كَمَا قَدَّمْنَاهُ

البحر الرائق شرح كنز الدقائق (٢٠/١٢٢)

قَالَ فِي الْمَنْظُومَةِ الْوَهْبَانِيَّةِ وَوَاهِبُ دَيْنٍ لَيْسَ يَرْجِعُ مُطْلَقًا

Answered by
Lutfi Alam
Checked & approved by
Mufti Ebrahim Desai
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Source: Darul Iftaa Mahmudiyyah — https://askimam.org/public/question_detail/39507
Fatawa SA: https://fatawa.co.za/fatwa/askimam-39507

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