Darul Iftaa Mahmudiyyah

I broke multiple fasts, how many Kaffaarah should i keep?

· 8 Shaʻban 1446 AH1 min readFatwa 45235English

Question

I broke 3 of my fasts. I wanted to do kaffarah. So, do i have fast 60 days for each one of them or jus fast 60 days once, and 3 days for the 3 missing fasts? I purposely broke all three.

Answer

As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.

In principle, if a person did not fast in the month of Ramadaan without any justifiable excuse in Shariah, the person will be sinful. He will have to make only qadha (make up) for the missed fasts as well as make tauba(repent) for the major sin he has committed.

If a person began his fast and then broke it without any justifiable excuse in Shariah, that is a very serious offence. He will have to make qadha for each missed fast and kaffarah(compensation) of 60 consecutive fasts. He should also make sincere tauba for deliberately breaking his fasts.

If you broke 3 fasts deliberately, you would be required to keep 3 qadha fasts and 60 fasts for each fast you broke, that is 180 fasts in total. However, Shariah has granted concession and accepts one set of kaffarah of 60 consecutive fasts for all 3 broken fasts, as long as the kaffarah of any fast was not fulfilled before breaking another fast.

Regret your wrong. Make sincere tauba and bring the courage to keep the 63 fasts, 3 qadha fasts and 60 consecutive fasts of kaffarah.[1]

And Allah Ta’ala Knows best

Zaakir Ismail

Student Darul Iftaa
South Africa

Checked and Approved by
Mufti Ebrahim Desai.

(2020-07-02)

References (Arabic / Urdu sources)

[1] «شرح مختصر الطحاوي للجصاص» (٢/ ٤٢٤):

قال: (ومن أفطر يوما من شهر رمضان، فلم يكفر حتى أفطر يوما آخر منه: لم يلزمه إلا كفارة واحدة).

«الأصل المعروف بالمبسوط للشيباني» (٢/ ٢٠٦):

فَإِن جَامعهَا أَيَّامًا فِي شهر رَمَضَان فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْهِ ‌كَفَّارَة ‌وَاحِدَة مَا لم يكفر تِلْكَ الْكَفَّارَة

«بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع» (٢/ ١٠١):

ولو جامع في رمضان متعمدا مرارا بأن جامع في يوم ثم جامع في اليوم الثاني ثم في الثالث ولم يكفر فعليه لجميع ذلك كله ‌كفارة ‌واحدة عندنا، وعند الشافعي عليه لكل يوم كفارة، ولو جامع في يوم ثم كفر ثم جامع في يوم آخر فعليه كفارة أخرى في ظاهر الرواية، وروى زفر عن أبي حنيفة أنه ليس عليه كفارة أخرى، ولو جامع في رمضانين ولم يكفر للأول فعليه لكل جماع كفارة في ظاهر الرواية.

وذكر محمد في الكيسانيات أن عليه ‌كفارة ‌واحدة وكذا حكى الطحاوي عن أبي حنيفة، وجه قول الشافعي أنه تكرر سبب وجوب الكفارة وهو الجماع عنده، وإفساد الصوم عندنا، والحكم يتكرر بتكرر سببه وهو الأصل إلا في موضع فيه ضرورة كما في العقوبات البدنية وهي الحدود لما في التكرر من خوف الهلاك ولم يوجد ههنا فيتكرر الوجوب ولهذا تكرر في سائر الكفارات وهي كفارة القتل، واليمين، والظهار.

ولنا حديث «الأعرابي أنه لما قال: واقعت امرأتي أمره رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - بإعتاق رقبة واحدة بقوله أعتق رقبة» وإن كان قوله واقعت يحتمل المرة والتكرار ولم يستفسر فدل أن الحكم لا يختلف بالمرة والتكرار ولأن معنى الزجر لازم في هذه الكفارة

فتاوی محموديۃ (15/206)

Answered by
Zaakir Ismail
Checked & approved by
Mufti Ebrahim Desai
View original Compare with other Darul Iftas
Questions about this ruling, answered only from the archive with sources.

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Source: Darul Iftaa Mahmudiyyah — https://askimam.org/public/question_detail/45235
Fatawa SA: https://fatawa.co.za/fatwa/askimam-45235

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