Darul Ifta, Darul Uloom Azaadville

Giving Talaaq On Condition That The Wife Forfeits Her Right Of Maintenance

· 14 Rajab 1446 AH1 min readEnglish

Question

If a person stipulates a condition that if Talaaq takes place, the wife will forfeit all her rights to maintenance, will this condition be valid?

Answer

If Talaaq takes place, then it is Waajib for the ex-husband to provide his ex-wife with maintenance during her Iddah period provided that his ex-wife was not a “Naashizah” ( a woman who abandoned the matrimonial home out of her own free will).

This maintenance is the right of the wife and cannot be taken away from her. If the husband places such a condition it will be invalid and against Shari’ah.

However, if Khula was made upon the condition that no maintenance will be due then the maintenance will fall away but the husband will still need to provide her with housing during her Iddah.

References (Arabic / Urdu sources)

وتجب النفقة والسكنى المعتدة الطلاق ولو بائنا

(مجمع الانهر ص ۱۹۱ ج ۲)

وَ تَجِبُ لِمُطَلَّقَةِ الرَّجْعِي وَالْبَائِنِ، وَالْفُرْقَةُ بِلَا مَعْصِيَةٍ كَخِيَارِ عِتْقٍ، وَبُلُوغ وَتَفْرِيقِ بِعَدَمٍ كَفَاءَةِ النَّفَقَةِ وَالسُّكْنَى وَالْكُسْوَةِ إِنْ طَالَتْ الْمُدَّةُ

(قَوْلُهُ وَتَجِبُ لِمُطَلَّقَةِ الرَّجْعِي وَالْبَائِنِ) كَانَ عَلَيْهِ إِبْدَالُ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ بِالْمُعْتَدَّةِ؛ لِأَنَّ النَّفَقَةَ تَابِعَةٌ لِلْعِدَّةِ، وَقَيَّدَ بِالرَّجْعِي وَالْبَائِنِ احْتِرَازًا عَمَّا لَوْ أَعْتَقَ أُمَّ وَلَدِهِ فَلَا نَفَقَةَ لَهَا فِي الْعِدَّةِ كَمَا فِي كَافِي الْحَاكِمِ، وَعَمَّا لَوْ كَانَ النِّكَاحُ فَاسِدًا فَفِي الْبَحْرِ لَوْ تَزَوَّجَتْ مُعْتَدَّةُ الْبَائِنِ وَفَرَّقَ بَعْدَ الدُّخُولِ فَلَا نَفَقَةَ عَلَى الثَّانِي لِفَسَادِ نِكَاحِهِ وَلَا عَلَى الْأَوَّلِ إِنْ خَرَجَتْ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ لِنُشُوزِهَا . وَفِي الْمُجْتَبَى: نَفَقَةُ الْعِدَّةِ كَنَفَقَةِ النِّكَاحِ. وَفِي الذَّخِيرَةِ: وَتَسْقُطُ بِالنُّشُوزِ وَتَعُودُ بِالْعَوْدِ، وَأَطْلَقَ فَشَمِلَ الْحَامِلَ وَغَيْرَهَا وَالْبَائِنَ بِثَلَاثٍ أَوْ أَقَلَّ كَمَا فِي الْخَانِيَّةِ، وَيُسْتَغْنَى مَا لَوْ خَالَعَهَا عَلَى أَنْ لَا نَفَقَةَ لَهَا وَلَا سُكْنَى فَلَهَا السُّكْنَى دون النَّفَقَةِ كَمَا مَرَّ فِي بَابِهِ وَيَأْتِي قَرِيبًا

رد المحتار على الدر المختار (٦٠٩/٣)

وَالْفَرْقُ أَنَّ السُّكْنَى حَقُّ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فَلَا تَسْقُطُ بِحَالٍ، وَالنَّفَقَةَ حَقُهَا فَتَسْقُطُ بِالْفُرْقَةِ بِمَعْصِيَتِهَا

(قَوْلُهُ وَالْفَرْقُ) أَيْ بَيْنَ السُّكْنَى وَغَيْرِهَا. وَعَنْ هَذَا قَالَ فِي الذَّخِيرَةِ وَغَيْرِهَا : لَوْ شَرَطَ فِي الْخُلْعِ أَنْ لَا نَفَقَةَ لَهَا وَلَا سُكْنَى فَلَهَا السُّكْنَى لَا النَّفَقَةُ؛ لِأَنَّ النَّفَقَةَ حَقُهَا، وَالسُّكْنَى فِي بَيْتِ الْعِدَّةِ حَقُهَا وَحَقُّ الشَّرْعِ، وَإِسْقَاطُهَا لَا يَعْمَلُ فِي حَقِّ الشَّرْعِ، حَتَّى لَوْ شَرَطَ الزَّوْجُ عَدَمَ مُؤْنَةِ السُّكْنَى وَرَضِيَتْ السُّكْنَى فِي بَيْتِهَا أَوْ فِي بَيْتٍ كَانَا يَسْكُنَانِ فِيهِ بِالْكِرَاءِ صَحَّ وَلَزِمَهَا الْأُجْرَةُ؛ لِأَنَّ ذَلِكَ مَحْضُ حَقَّهَا

رد المحتار على الدر المختار (٦١١/٣)

Approved by
Mufti Muhammed Saeed Motara Saheb D.B.
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Source: Darul Ifta, Darul Uloom Azaadville — https://www.iftadua.co.za/giving-talaaq-on-condition-that-the-wife-forfeits-her-right-of-maintenance/28897/
Fatawa SA: https://fatawa.co.za/fatwa/azaadville-28897

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