In case of divorce custody of children goes to whom?

· 9 Rabiʻ I 1431 AH1 min readFatwa 18509English

Question

In case of divorce custody of children goes to whom?

Answer

In the name of Allāh, Most Gracious, Most Merciful

Assalāmu ῾alaykum wa Rahmatullāhi Wabarakātuh

In principle the mother of the child has the right of custody over the child. The father cannot take this child away. However the father will have to pay for all the expenses that will be borne in order to bring up the child. [1]

· The right of custody over a boy remains as long as the boy does not reach the age of seven. Once the boy reaches the age of seven, the father has the right of custody.[2]

· The right of custody over a girl remains until she reaches nine years of age. Once she turns nine, the father has the right of custody. [3]

In any event, which ever parent has the right of custody, the other parent has visitation rights with mutual agreement.

And Allāh Ta῾āla Knows Best

Wassalāmu ῾alaykum

Ml. Luqman Hansrot,
Student Dārul Iftā

Checked and Approved by:

Mufti Ebrahim Desai
Dārul Iftā

References (Arabic / Urdu sources)

[1] وإذا وقعت الفرقة ين الزوجين فالأم أحق بالولد لما روى أن امرأة قالت يا رسول الله إن ابني هذا كان بطني له وعاء وحجري له حواء وثديي له سقاء وزعم أبوه أنه ينزعه مني فقال عليه الصلاة والسلام أنت أحق به مالم تتزوجي ولأن الأم أشفق وأقدر على الحضانة ... والنفقة على الأب على ما نذكر ولا تجبر الأم عليه لأنها عست تعجز عن الحضانة.
(هدايه,مكتبه شركة علمية , ج2,ص434)
الأم أحق بالولد ولو سيئة السيرة معروفة بالفجور.
(الدر المختار,سعيد , ج3,ص556)

[2] ( والحاضنة ) أما أو غيرها ( أحق به ) أي بالغلام حتى يستغني عن النساء وقدر بسبع وبه يفتى لأنه الغالب ولو اختلفا في سنه فإن أكل وشرب ولبس واستنجى وحده دفع إليه ولو جبرا وإلا لا
( والأم والجدة ) لأم أو لأب ( أحق بها ) بالصغيرة ( حتى تحيض ) أي تبلغ في ظاهر الرواية.
(الدر المختار,سعيد , ج3,ص566)

[3] (Bahisti Zewar, Zam Zam Publishers, Vol 1, Pg 420,421)

Answered by
Ml. Luqman Hansrot
Checked & approved by
Mufti Ebrahim Desai
Questions about this ruling, answered only from the archive with sources.

Where scholars differ, it’s safer to take the more cautious view.

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